Subwoofer refers to either a woofer, or a complete loudspeaker dedicated to the reproduction of bass audio frequencies, typically from 150 Hz down to 20 Hz.
Subwoofers are useful for augmenting main loudspeakers by providing playback of low bass frequencies at high levels. Subwoofers are available in several formats, including bass reflex, acoustic suspension, infinite baffle, horn loaded, tapped horn and bandpass types. The range of sounds from lowest to highest that the subwoofer can play is called frequency. The actual frequency may vary depending on the type of window, the crossover point, and the vehicle the subwoofer is installed inside
All speakers typically compromise between frequency response and transient response or reaction depends on the properties of the coil, the magnetic properties of the motor, the mass of the cone, and the nature of the case.
The coil is a coil of wirewound around it. The voice coil is attached to the bottom of the cone and extends into the air gap surrounding the pole piece. The voice coil translates the magnet's energy into cone motion. Cone size and voice coil inductance are major factors for a subwoofer.
Subwoofers use drivers woofers typically between 8" and 18" in diameter, but some have been as large as 60". Some drivers as small as 4" may be referred to as subwoofers but drivers less than 8" generally have neither the cone area nor excursion ability necessary to produce deep bass, especially in practical sized enclosures. The most common subwoofer sizes in professional concert audio are 12", 15" and 18".
A brief history
The first subwoofer was developed during the 1960s by Ken Kreisel. Kreisel's solution was to design a powered loudspeaker that would reproduce only those frequencies that were too low for the electrostatic speakers to convey and thereby fill in the missing sonic information. The Infinity range electrostatic speaker system of not less than the same period a subwoofer for the lower frequency range of the electrostatic matrices evade adequate coverage. Subwoofer came to greater public attention in 1974.
Applications Subwoofer
Subwoofers are used in different systems. The main application areas are professional audio, home audio, car audio and many other areas. Subwoofers are now almost universal in professional audio applicationssuch as live concert sound, churches, clubs and theme parks. professional audio subwoofer must be capable of very high levels. This design is given attention in recent years on the subwoofer for PA applications, audio and concert against.
A subwoofer does not necessarily provide superior bass performance in comparison to large conventional loudspeakers on ordinary music recordings in the absence of very low frequencies onsuch sources. Most home and car systems have much smaller and unmatched drivers at low frequencies; they attempt to reproduce very low frequencies with large cone motions.
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